1、 背景介紹

在板上，ZYNQ PL部分通過(guò)EMC連接一片NOR FLASH，地址空間如下：

可以看到NOR FLASH的起始地址為0x80000000，這是物理地址，可以把數(shù)據(jù)存放在以該地址起始的一段區(qū)域。

需要注意的是，在對(duì)NOR FLASH進(jìn)行讀寫(xiě)數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)，需要參考對(duì)應(yīng)的datasheet，例如這里選用的NOR FLASH讀、寫(xiě)、擦除步驟如下：

通過(guò)上面的表格就知道進(jìn)行相應(yīng)操作每一步該做什么，可以轉(zhuǎn)換為SDK中裸奔程序的C代碼。

2、 Linux下flash操作
之前提到過(guò)zynq中Linux用戶應(yīng)用程序可以通過(guò)/dev/mem訪問(wèn)到物理地址，xil_in32和xil_out32等裸奔程序中常見(jiàn)的函數(shù)可以通過(guò)這一機(jī)制移植到linux下。于是，對(duì)flash的操作其實(shí)就是基于xil_in和xil_out對(duì)物理地址進(jìn)行讀寫(xiě)。

這里只需要實(shí)現(xiàn)三個(gè)函數(shù)，erase，write_sector以及read_sector.代碼如下：

//xil_io.h

#include

#include

#include

#include

#include

#include

#include

#include

#include

#define PAGE_SIZE ((size_t)getpagesize())

#define PAGE_MASK ((uint64_t) (long)~(PAGE_SIZE - 1))

void Xil_Out32(uint64_t phyaddr, uint32_t val)
{
int fd;
volatile uint8_t *map_base;
uint64_t base = phyaddr & PAGE_MASK;
uint64_t pgoffset = phyaddr & (~PAGE_MASK);

if((fd = open("/dev/mem", O_RDWR | O_SYNC)) == -1)
{
perror("open /dev/mem:");
}

map_base = mmap(NULL, PAGE_SIZE, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED,
fd, base);
if(map_base == MAP_FAILED)
{
perror("mmap:");
}
*(volatile uint32_t *)(map_base + pgoffset) = val;
close(fd);
munmap((void *)map_base, PAGE_SIZE);
}

int Xil_In32(uint64_t phyaddr)
{
int fd;
uint32_t val;
volatile uint8_t *map_base;
uint64_t base = phyaddr & PAGE_MASK;
uint64_t pgoffset = phyaddr & (~PAGE_MASK);
//open /dev/mem
if((fd = open("/dev/mem", O_RDWR | O_SYNC)) == -1)
{
perror("open /dev/mem:");
}
//mmap
map_base = mmap(NULL, PAGE_SIZE, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED,
fd, base);
if(map_base == MAP_FAILED)
{
perror("mmap:");
}
val = *(volatile uint32_t *)(map_base + pgoffset);
close(fd);
munmap((void *)map_base, PAGE_SIZE);

return val;
}

void Xil_Out16(uint64_t phyaddr, uint16_t val)
{
int fd;
volatile uint8_t *map_base;
uint64_t base = phyaddr & PAGE_MASK;
uint64_t pgoffset = phyaddr & (~PAGE_MASK);

if((fd = open("/dev/mem", O_RDWR | O_SYNC)) == -1)
{
perror("open /dev/mem:");
}

map_base = mmap(NULL, PAGE_SIZE, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED,
fd, base);
if(map_base == MAP_FAILED)
{
perror("mmap:");
}
*(volatile uint16_t *)(map_base + pgoffset) = val;
close(fd);
munmap((void *)map_base, PAGE_SIZE);
}

int Xil_In16(uint64_t phyaddr)
{
int fd;
uint16_t val;
volatile uint8_t *map_base;
uint64_t base = phyaddr & PAGE_MASK;
uint64_t pgoffset = phyaddr & (~PAGE_MASK);
//open /dev/mem
if((fd = open("/dev/mem", O_RDWR | O_SYNC)) == -1)
{
perror("open /dev/mem:");
}
//mmap
map_base = mmap(NULL, PAGE_SIZE, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED,
fd, base);
if(map_base == MAP_FAILED)
{
perror("mmap:");
}
val = *(volatile uint16_t *)(map_base + pgoffset);
close(fd);
munmap((void *)map_base, PAGE_SIZE);

return val;
}

void Xil_Out8(uint64_t phyaddr, uint16_t val)
{
int fd;
volatile uint8_t *map_base;
uint64_t base = phyaddr & PAGE_MASK;
uint64_t pgoffset = phyaddr & (~PAGE_MASK);

if((fd = open("/dev/mem", O_RDWR | O_SYNC)) == -1)
{
perror("open /dev/mem:");
}

map_base = mmap(NULL, PAGE_SIZE, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED,
fd, base);
if(map_base == MAP_FAILED)
{
perror("mmap:");
}
*(volatile uint8_t *)(map_base + pgoffset) = val;
close(fd);
munmap((void *)map_base, PAGE_SIZE);
}