基于AT86RF230設計的2.4 GHz無線收發技術

Atmel 公司的AT86RF230是低功耗的2.4 GHz無線電收發器,是真正的SPI到天線的解決方案,設計用于ZigBee/IEEE 802.15.4.單片內集成了除天線,晶體和去耦電容外所有的RF關鍵元件. AT86RF230可編程輸出功率從-17dBm到高達 3dBm,接收器靈敏度為-101dBm,工作電壓從1.8V到3.6V,并集成了內部穩壓器,主要用在2.4 GHz IEEE 802.15.4 和ZigBee系統, 6LoWPAN 和RF4CE系統,無線傳感器網絡,工業控制,家庭和建筑物自動化以及消費類電子和PC外設等.本文介紹了AT86RF230主要特性, 方框圖, 應用電路圖和RZ600評估板特性以及無線電電路圖和USB適配器電路圖.

The AT86RF230 is a low-power 2.4 GHz radio transceiver especially designed for ZigBee/IEEE 802.15.4 applications. The AT86RF230 is a true SPI-to-antenna solution.All RF-critical components except the antenna, crystal and de-coupling capacitors are integrated on-chip. Therefore, the AT86RF230 is particularly suitable for applications like:

? 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.15.4 and ZigBee systems

? 6LoWPAN and RF4CE systems

? Wireless sensor networks

? Industrial control, sensing and automation (SP100, WirelessHART)

? Home and building automation

? Consumer electronics

? PC peripherals

The AT86RF230 can be operated by using an external microcontroller like ATMEL’s AVR microcontrollers. A comprehensive software programming description can be found in the application note AVR2009 “AT86RF230 – Software Programming Model”.

This single-chip radio transceiver provides a complete radio transceiver interface between the antenna and the microcontroller. It comprises the analog radio transceiver and the digital demodulation including time and frequency synchronization, and data buffering. The number of external components is minimized such that only an antenna, a crystal and four decoupling capacitors are required. The bidirectional differential antenna pins are used for transmission and reception, so that no external antenna switch is needed.

AT86RF230主要特性:

? High Performance RF-CMOS 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Targeted for IEEE 802.15.4?, ZigBee?, 6LoWPAN, RF4CE, SP100, WirelessHART? and ISM Applications

? Industry Leading Link Budget (104 dB):

- Programmable Output Power from -17 dBm up to 3 dBm

- Receiver Sensitivity -101 dBm

? Ultra-Low Power Consumption:

- SLEEP: 20 nA

- RX: 15.5 mA

- TX: 16.5 mA (at max Transmit Power of 3 dBm)

? Ultra-Low Supply Voltage (1.8V to 3.6V) with Internal Regulator

? Optimized for Low BoM Cost and Ease of Production:

- Few External Components Necessary (Crystal, Capacitors and Antenna)

? Excellent ESD Robustness

? Easy to Use Interface:

- Registers and Frame Buffer Accessible through Fast SPI

- Only Two Microcontroller GPIO Lines Necessary

- One Interrupt Pin from Radio Transceiver

- Clock Output with Prescaler from Radio Transceiver

? Radio Transceiver Features:

- 128-byte SRAM for Data Buffering

- Programmable Clock Output to Clock the Host Microcontroller or as Timer Reference

- Integrated TX/RX Switch

- Fully Integrated PLL with on-chip Loop Filter

- Fast PLL Settling Time

- Battery Monitor

- Fast Power-Up Time < 1 ms

? Special IEEE 802.15.4-2003 Hardware Support:

- FCS Computation

- Clear Channel Assessment

- Energy Detection / RSSI Computation

- Automatic CSMA-CA

- Automatic Frame Retransmission

- Automatic Frame Acknowledgement

- Automatic Address Filtering

? Industrial Temperature Range:

- -40℃ to 85℃

? I/O and Packages:

- 32-pin Low-Profile QFN

- RoHS/Fully Green

? Compliant to EN 300 328/440, FCC-CFR-47 Part 15, ARIB STD-66, RSS-210

? Compliant to IEEE 802.15.4-2003

圖1.AT86RF230方框圖

圖2.AT86RF230應用電路圖

RZ600評估板

The RZ600 evaluation kit enables development, debugging and demonstration of IEEE 802.15.4 compliant wireless applications such as ZigBee and 6LoWPAN. The kit is FCC certified and contains evaluation boards for AT86RF212 and the AT86RF23x families of RF transceivers covering the regional 700/800/900MHz and worldwide 2.4GHz ISM bands for use with STK600.

The kit also contains two USB adapters equipped with UC3A 32-bit AVR microcontrollers for standalone point-point or packet sniffer operation.

圖3.RZ600評估板外形圖


圖4.RZ600無線電電路圖

圖5.RZ600 USB適配器電路圖