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采用的調度算法：高優先數調度算法和先來先服務算法
進程由進程控制塊PCB表示，PCB中包括a)進程名b)優先數c)進程到達時間d)進程結束時間e)進程狀態f)已占用CPU時間（進程運行一個時間片后加一）
運行一個時間片后進程優先級降一級
利用文件操作模擬進程的操作
概念圖
實現過程
導入的庫和宏定義
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#include?#include? #include? #include? ??????????????????????????????????? #include? #include? #define?u8???char #define?u32??unsigned?int #define?MAXLINE?1024?//工作隊列和等待隊列長度 #define?MAXNUM??100 #define?WAIT?0?//進程狀態為WAIT #define?RUN??1?//進程狀態為RUN #define?FINISH?2?//進程狀態為FINISH #define?NEWBUF??1?//此時工作隊列為新隊列 #define?BUF??0?//此時工作隊列為默認隊列 #define?THENULL?0?//表示進程塊此時為NULL #define?THETRUE?1?//表示進程塊此時有進程 char*?VALUE?=?"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz?";
?
建立進程塊PCB結構體
?
struct?PCB{
?FILE*???open_file;
?u8?*??file_name;
?clock_t??arrive_time;?//到達時間?
?clock_t??level_time;?//結束時間
?int??prior_number;?//優先級
?u8????program_status;?//程序狀態
????u8??????detection_null_or_value;?//判斷此時進程塊是否為空????
????u8??????occupy_time_slice_times;?//已占用的CPU時間???
????int?????data_write_number;???????//記錄已經向文件中寫入內容的長度??
};
#define?PCB_T?struct?PCB*
?
建立工作隊列結構體
?
struct?program_queue{
?struct?PCB?pcb_buf[MAXLINE];?//默認隊列,一開始將進程塊存入這里
?struct?PCB?pcb_new_buf[MAXLINE];//與默認隊列交替管理進程塊
?u32?queue_line;?????//工作隊列的長度
?u8??buf_state;??????????????????//判斷此時正在使用的是哪一個隊列
};
#define?program_queue_t?struct?program_queue*
?
建立CPU時間片結構體
?
struct?cpu_time_slice{
?clock_t?start_time;??//時間片開始執行時間
?clock_t?end_time;??//時間片結束執行時間
?u32????time_slice_bulk;?//每個時間片的時間,單位ms
};
#define?cpu_time_slice_t?struct?cpu_time_slice*
?
清空new隊列方法
?
void?bzero_queue_new(program_queue_t?queue_t)
{
????for(int?i?=?0?;?i??pcb_new_buf[i].detection_null_or_value?=?THENULL;//detection_null_or_value等于THENULL表示這個結構體為空
????}
}
?
清空默認隊列方法
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void?bzero_queue(program_queue_t?queue_t)
{
????for(int?i?=?0?;?i??pcb_buf[i].detection_null_or_value?=?THENULL;
????}
}
?
初始化時間片機構體方法
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void?init_time_slice(cpu_time_slice_t?time_slice)
{
?time_slice?->?time_slice_bulk?=?20;//設置一個時間片時間為20ms
????
}
?
初始化工作隊列方法
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void?init_program_queue(program_queue_t?queue)
{
?bzero_queue(queue);
?bzero_queue_new(queue);
?queue?->?queue_line?=?0;
?queue?->?buf_state?=?BUF;//設置此時工作隊列默認使用的pcb_buf
}
?
工作隊列排序方法(按照進程優先級排序)
?
void?queue_sort(program_queue_t?queue_t)
{
????int?len?=?queue_t?->?queue_line;//獲取工作隊列長度
????if(len?==?0)
????????return;
????if(queue_t?->?buf_state?==?BUF)//判斷當前使用哪個數組作為工作隊列
????{
????????bzero_queue_new(queue_t);
????????struct?PCB?tm;
??tm.program_status?=?-1;
????????PCB_T?tmp_pcb?=?&tm;
????????for(int?i?=?0?;?i??queue_line?;?i++)//開始排序
????????{????????????
????????????for(int?j?=?0;?j??queue_line?;?++j)
????????????{
????????????????if(queue_t?->?pcb_buf[j].detection_null_or_value?==?THENULL)
????????????????????continue;????????????????????
????????????????if(j?<=?0)
????????????????????tmp_pcb?=?&(queue_t?->?pcb_buf[j]);
????????????????else?if(-1?==?tmp_pcb?->?program_status)
????????????????????tmp_pcb?=?&(queue_t?->?pcb_buf[j]);
????????????????else
????????????????{
????????????????????if(tmp_pcb?->?prior_number?>?queue_t?->?pcb_buf[j].prior_number)
????????????????????{
????????????????????????tmp_pcb?=?&(queue_t?->?pcb_buf[j]);
????????????????????}
????????????????}
????????????}
????????????queue_t?->?pcb_new_buf[i]?=?*tmp_pcb;
????????????tmp_pcb?->?detection_null_or_value?=?THENULL;
????????}
????????queue_t?->?buf_state?=?NEWBUF;//由另一個數組接收排序結果,排序完全結束后切換列表目前使用的數組
????}
????else
????{
????????bzero_queue(queue_t);
????????struct?PCB?tm;
??tm.program_status?=?-1;
????????PCB_T?tmp_pcb?=?&tm;
????????for(int?i?=?0?;?i??queue_line?;?i++)
????????{????????????
????????????for(int?j?=?0;?j??queue_line?;?++j)
????????????{
????????????????if(queue_t?->?pcb_new_buf[j].detection_null_or_value?==?THENULL)
????????????????????continue;????????????????????
????????????????if(j?<=?0)
????????????????????tmp_pcb?=?&(queue_t?->?pcb_new_buf[j]);
????????????????else?if(-1?==?tmp_pcb?->?program_status)
????????????????????tmp_pcb?=?&(queue_t?->?pcb_new_buf[j]);
????????????????else
????????????????{
????????????????????if(tmp_pcb?->?prior_number?>?queue_t?->?pcb_new_buf[j].prior_number)
????????????????????{
????????????????????????tmp_pcb?=?&(queue_t?->?pcb_new_buf[j]);
????????????????????}
????????????????}
????????????}
????????????queue_t?->?pcb_buf[i]?=?*tmp_pcb;
????????????tmp_pcb?->?detection_null_or_value?=?THENULL;
????????}
????????queue_t?->?buf_state?=?BUF;
????}
}
?
初始化進程塊PCB
?
void?init_pcb_object(PCB_T?pcb_t,char**?argv,int?i)
{
????pcb_t?->?open_file?=?NULL;
?if(NULL?==?(pcb_t?->?open_file?=?fopen(argv[i],"a")))
?{
??perror("open?file?error");
??exit(0);
?}
?pcb_t?->?file_name?=?argv[i];????????
?pcb_t?->?prior_number?=?rand()?%?8;?//進程優先級由隨機數分配
?pcb_t?->?arrive_time?=?clock();??//獲取進程進入時間
?pcb_t?->?program_status?=?WAIT;??//設置進程狀態為等待
????pcb_t?->?detection_null_or_value?=?THETRUE;?//設置次進程塊非空
????pcb_t?->?occupy_time_slice_times?=?0;//初始化使用CPU時間為0
????pcb_t?->?data_write_number?=?0;??????//文件寫入內容長度初始化為0
}
?
主函數
?
int?main(int?argc,char?**argv)
{
?if(argc?<=?1)
?{
??perror("parameter?<=?1");
??exit(1);
?}????
?
?struct?program_queue?_queue;?//創建工作隊列對象
?init_program_queue(&_queue);
?
?struct?cpu_time_slice?cts;??//創建CPU時間片對象
?init_time_slice(&cts);
????int?program_numer?=?argc?-?1;?//設置目前的進程數為argc?-?1,該變量用于通過下標訪問進程需要-1
????
?for(int?i?=?1?;?i?=?program_numer)
????????????break;
????????for(int?i?=?0?;?i?=?cts.time_slice_bulk)//結束時間?-?開始時間?=?預設的時間片長度則進程終止執行
????????????????{
????????????????????if(_queue.buf_state?==?BUF)
????????????????????{
????????????????????????_queue.pcb_buf[i].program_status?=?WAIT;
????????????????????????_queue.pcb_buf[i].prior_number++;//進程使用CPU時間+1
????????????????????????_queue.pcb_buf[i].occupy_time_slice_times++;
????????????????????????_queue.pcb_new_buf[i]?=?_queue.pcb_buf[i];//將進程放到另一個隊列等待
????????????????????????_queue.pcb_buf[i].detection_null_or_value?=?THENULL;//將當前隊列的此進程塊設為空
????????????????????}
????????????????????else
????????????????????{
????????????????????????_queue.pcb_new_buf[i].program_status?=?WAIT;
????????????????????????_queue.pcb_new_buf[i].prior_number++;
????????????????????????_queue.pcb_new_buf[i].occupy_time_slice_times++;
????????????????????????_queue.pcb_buf[i]?=?_queue.pcb_new_buf[i];
????????????????????????_queue.pcb_new_buf[i].detection_null_or_value?=?THENULL;
????????????????????}
????????????????????
????????????????????break;
????????????????}
????????????????if(_queue.buf_state?==?BUF)
????????????????{
????????????????????if(VALUE[_queue.pcb_buf[i].data_write_number]?==?'?')//判斷進程是否已經完成任務
????????????????????{
????????????????????????_queue.pcb_buf[i].level_time?=?clock();//獲取結束時間
????????????????????????printf("program?[?%s?]?execute?end...?program?run?time:?%d?ms
",_queue.pcb_buf[i].file_name,_queue.pcb_buf[i].level_time?-?_queue.pcb_buf[i].arrive_time);//進程的結束時間減去進程的進入時間計算出進程運行耗時
????????????????????????_queue.pcb_buf[i].detection_null_or_value?=?THENULL;
????????????????????????fclose(_queue.pcb_buf[i].open_file);//關閉文件
????????????????????????program_numer--;//進程數-1
????????????????????????break;
????????????????????}
????????????????????if(-1?==?fputc(VALUE[_queue.pcb_new_buf[i].data_write_number],_queue.pcb_new_buf[i].open_file))//向文件中寫入數據
????????????????????{
????????????????????????perror("write?error
");
????????????????????????perror(strerror());
????????????????????????for(int?i?=?0?;?_queue.queue_line?;?i++)
????????????????????????{
????????????????????????????fclose(_queue.pcb_buf[i].open_file);
????????????????????????}
????????????????????????//exit(1);
????????????????????}
????????????????????else
????????????????????{
????????????????????????_queue.pcb_buf[i].data_write_number++;//寫入內容的長度+1
????????????????????}
????????????????}
????????????????else
????????????????{
????????????????????if(VALUE[_queue.pcb_new_buf[i].data_write_number]?==?'?')
????????????????????{
????????????????????????_queue.pcb_new_buf[i].level_time?=?clock();
????????????????????????printf("program?[?%s?]?execute?end...?program?run?time:?%d?ms
",_queue.pcb_new_buf[i].file_name,_queue.pcb_new_buf[i].level_time?-?_queue.pcb_new_buf[i].arrive_time);
????????????????????????_queue.pcb_new_buf[i].detection_null_or_value?=?THENULL;
????????????????????????fclose(_queue.pcb_new_buf[i].open_file);
????????????????????????program_numer--;
????????????????????????break;
????????????????????}
????????????????????if(-1?==?fputc(VALUE[_queue.pcb_new_buf[i].data_write_number],_queue.pcb_new_buf[i].open_file))
????????????????????{
????????????????????????perror("write?error
");
????????????????????????perror(strerror());
????????????????????????for(int?i?=?0?;?_queue.queue_line?;?i++)
????????????????????????{
????????????????????????????fclose(_queue.pcb_new_buf[i].open_file);
????????????????????????}
????????????????????????//exit(1);
????????????????????}
????????????????????else
????????????????????{
????????????????????????_queue.pcb_new_buf[i].data_write_number++;
????????????????????}
????????????????}
????????????}
????????}
????????
????????if(_queue.buf_state?==?BUF)//更換當前隊列
????????{
????????????_queue.buf_state?=?NEWBUF;
????????????queue_sort(&_queue);//重新按照優先級排序隊列
????????}
????????else
????????{
????????????_queue.buf_state?=?BUF;
????????????queue_sort(&_queue);
????????}
????}
????
????return?0?;
}
?
審核編輯：湯梓紅
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