基于光三角測量原理，提出了一種內徑尺寸的非接觸測量方法。對單光三角測量原理進行了分析，給出了相應的內徑尺寸計算公式，并建立了解決單光三角法光探頭偏心的數學模型。應用單光三角測量原理，結合半導體激光準直技術、現代傳感技術、伺服控制技術和計算機技術研制了一種非接觸式內徑尺寸測量系統。論述了系統的組成和總體結構，并通過實驗對系統的測量精度進行了驗證。結果表明：測量系統分辨率可達0.01 mm，測量極限誤差不大于0.03 mm，該測量方法是可行的。
關 鍵 詞 內徑; 光三角法; 非接觸測量; 光電測量系統

Abstract Based on optical triangulation measuring principle, an inner diameter non-contact measuring method is presented in this paper. First, the principle of optical single-triangulation which is used for non-contact measurement of inner diameter is analyzed and described. The corresponding formula for calculating the dimension of inner diameter is presented. The mathematics model for solving eccentricity of optical head which is adopted in the optical single-triangulation method is founded. The paper adopts optical single-triangulation measuring principle to design a system of inner diameter non-contact measurement with the technique of laser collimation, modern sensor, servocontrol, computer, etc. In this paper, the constitution and overall structure of the system are described, and also, the accuracy of system is verified by experiments. the measuring system resolving power can reach 0.01 mm, the limited measuring error not more than 0.03 mm. It indicates that the measuring method is applicable.
Key words inner diameter; optical triangulation; non-contact measurement; optoelectronic measuring system