開發能量收集功率預算的建議

　　利用能源收集（EH）的所有操作電源的數據采集系統越來越受歡迎，由功率管理、能量存儲、數據處理、傳感器接口和無線無線電鏈路等極低功率組件組合而成。

　　然而，設計一個可行的能量收集系統是困難的，不僅需要大量使用節能組件。它需要仔細規劃、分析操作序列和時序以及理解權衡，因為存在兩種不同的、異步的、不相關的過程。首先，收集和儲存能量隨機團塊（焦耳或腰臀比），這主要是一個隨機過程；然后，支出的能量通過一套時間表，大多在短時間的功率（W）、速度的能源使用。當然，所使用的總能量必須小于你積累的能量，而峰值功率的需求必須在系統交付的能力之內。

　　How much energy， anyway？

　　It is simplistic but misleading to think that using harvested power as a source is obtaining “something for almost nothing.” First， both the amount of energy impinging on the transducer， and the amount it can actually produce is low， even if 100% efficient.

　　Second， the reality is that not only are most such sources sporadic， but also the transducers are very inefficient at converting the impinging energy into electrical energy， and this does not take into account losses within the electronics themselves. Generally， less than 10% of the energy reaching the transducer actually ends up in an energy-harvesting battery or supercapacitor for later use， whether the energy is from wind， solar， vibration， sound， RF， or thermal transducers. Table 1 shows some sample numbers. （Note： These are just order-of-magnitude approximations.）